Payroll and owner compensation
Reasonable compensation should reflect the actual work performed
A shareholder who provides substantial services to the company generally should not take all business earnings as distributions while receiving little or no payroll compensation.
We review available payroll information, owner duties, distributions, and business results for consistency. The objective is not to select a number mechanically, but to determine whether the reporting is reasonable based on the facts.
Distributions and shareholder basis
Distributions are not automatically tax-free
Shareholders generally need sufficient stock basis to absorb losses and receive distributions without unintended tax consequences. Basis can change from year to year based on capital contributions, income, losses, distributions, and certain loans.
We review the information available to identify basis limitations and situations in which the shareholder records may need to be reconstructed.
Books and balance sheet
The tax return should follow the company’s financial records
Unreconciled bank accounts, unexplained negative balances, shareholder expenses, old loans, and inconsistent retained earnings can cause problems during preparation.
We review the year-end reports and compare important balances with prior filings. When something does not make sense, we explain the issue and what information may be needed to correct it.
Health insurance and benefits
Owner benefits require specific reporting
Health-insurance premiums paid for more-than-two-percent shareholders may need special treatment through payroll and on the shareholder’s Form W-2.
Accountable-plan reimbursements, retirement contributions, vehicle expenses, and other benefits should also be considered as part of the year-end review.
Assets and depreciation
Equipment purchases can affect more than one tax year
Vehicles, computers, machinery, furniture, leasehold improvements, and other business assets may need to be capitalized and depreciated rather than deducted as ordinary expenses.
We review additions and disposals, available depreciation methods, and carryforward schedules so the current return remains consistent with prior years.
Prior-year and filing issues
Late returns and old inconsistencies can often be addressed
Businesses sometimes fall behind because bookkeeping is incomplete, records changed hands, an election was never confirmed, or the owners were unsure how to proceed.
We can prepare late or amended returns, review penalty notices, and help determine the sequence for bringing the company and its shareholders back into compliance.